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Also on this page: National Service In 1916

Normandy to Hamburg

A fascinating account of the final days of World War Two in Europe as experienced by a young Royal Marine, Donald F MacLeod from Port of Ness

“I was a truck driver in the Marines and, after nine months training in Exmouth ANCXF, we went to the Normandy beach codenamed ‘Gold’. The military landings took place along a fifty mile stretch of coastline.  We remained on the beach for about thirty six hours until some heavy guns, which were encased in concrete bunkers, were destroyed during the night.  German planes were raking the beach with machine gun fire and attacking ships out in the bay.


The late Donald Macleod (Domhnall an Mhurdo) on the left with his neighbour Norman Morrison (Tormod Sheonaidh)

 

"About eighty of us were attached to the third U.S. Army, which was under General Patton’s command.  We crossed to Cherbourg, then down to St. Malo and on to Paris.  We suffered months of sleepless nights while the allied forces remained bogged down in Normandy and suffering heavy losses.  On arrival in Paris, the entire convoy was parked all the way up to the arch; it seemed like all of Paris were on the other side of the road.   The French told us that the Germans had left during the night.  Apparently, dispatch riders had warned them that the third army would be in Paris by morning.  However, a few Germans were captured in and around Paris by the French.  We took up residency in a Chateau at St. Germain.  Three days later De Gaulle entered Paris.  The allied units were told that a radio broadcast would be made to the French people stating that Paris had been liberated by the Resistance.  It was felt that this would boost French morale and thereby help to shorten the War.  I always felt that the gesture was made in order that De Gaulle could bask in the glory as the liberator of France.  In Hamburg we heard that Patton had died from a broken neck following a horse-riding accident whilst on leave in Paris.  Later, we heard that he had been the victim of a staged car crash. 

"When I was in St. Germain I was sent out in the truck to find a fuel dump located in a field some sixty miles from Paris that the U.S. Airforce used.  I decided to take secondary roads to get there but I had to change my route twice due to blown bridges.  I soon realised that I had inadvertently strayed in to German held territory as bullets suddenly came whistling out of the trees.  All I could do was put my head down and get out of there as fast as I could.  After some time I came to the top of a hill and there, right in front of the road, was a battalion of Germans walking four abreast.  It was a narrow gravel road and I had to go on the grass to avoid ploughing into them.  Their CO was marching in front of the column and he put his hand up to halt them.  He then beckoned me over with his hand.  I said to myself, ‘If you were ever cool, let it be now.’  I walked over and came to attention in front of him, but I didn't salute as I thought it might lull him into thinking that there were more British soldiers coming behind me.  Unfortunately, there were no allied soldiers within forty miles.  He said that they didn’t  have any food and wished to surrender.  I just told him that I had no food with me and that they had better keep marching.  I walked quickly back to the truck as I didn't want to give him much time to think or ask questions.  He waved his men on and sat in the truck as a thousand pairs of eyes gave me ‘eyes left’ as they might have earlier given to Hitler on a march past.  What a relief when I finally drove off ! 

"Later, I was out in the country driving along a narrow gravel road when I saw a big black Mercedes with its top down coming towards me.  The sun was behind me and I could see that there were four German officers in the vehicle.  There was no way back and no way past them so I decided to go full speed towards them, hoping they would panic first.  They just managed to avoid hitting me.  Their car jumped off the road and bounced along until the front of the car crashed into a tree about ten yards from the road.  They all jumped out, waving their revolvers but they were too late to catch me.  They must have been very high ranking to have that big beautiful staff car.  I often wished that I could have found some way of getting it home.    "On the way to Hamburg we came across Belsen camp.  The padlock was still on the gate.  Two living skeletons were clinging to the mesh and the only way you could tell you were looking at living souls was when their eyes moved."

"I eventually found the fuel dump later that day.  When I told the guard at the entrance to the field that I wanted petrol, he told me that there was none.  When I pointed to the field stacked with  jerry cans, he said, ‘Oh!  If you want gasoline help yourself.’  I loaded the fuel on to the lorry and made sure that I took a different route back to base.  I did not report what happened that day and the C.O. later asked if I had seen the other truck that had left on the same quest for fuel.  The sergeant and driver returned later without finding the dump.

"I was glad the Royal Marines never used helmets as I thought they were more of a liability than an asset as I tried to balance it on my head.  The U.S. and German helmets were far more comfortable.  The military mentality at Caen was similar to that adopted during the First World War, with thousands of lives being  lost in order to gain a few yards.  Arnhem was also an unnecessary gamble and a heavy price to pay for glory.  Maybe  Hitler was not the only one that should have remained a corporal.  It was a strange experience to pass places like Mons, Ypres, Passchendale and the vast burial ground at Arras where the flower of Hebridean youth lie still.

"We were in Antwerp when it was taken.  It must have been the most dangerous place in Europe as the Germans tried to recapture it.  Flying bombs, or V2s, flew overhead every night and all night.  Eight hundred people died when one of the V2s made a direct hit on the Rex Cinema, in Antwerp.  We had been attached to the First U.S. Army for the Rhine crossing at the Koln Remagan bridge.  When we  left Antwerp we spent three days in a German POW camp which had been liberated by the 1st U.S.  As there were no obvious borders, it wasn't easy to be sure what country we were in at times, but that POW camp was somewhere between Antwerp and Koln.  The camp’s name was Stalag Luft III.  It was an officers’ camp and  covered a huge area.  I heard that some allied POWs had been shot whilst trying to escape.  I don't know if Luft III was used as a name for all airforce POW camps but there was certainly another one in Poland.  There was a small town near us which the Germans had managed to recapture a few times.  I spoke to a girl in a hotel there who said that she hoped the Germans would come back again as she had a German soldier boyfriend.  She tried to give me a letter for him in case I came across him somewhere - some hope!

"A number of marines, including the Commanding Officer, were killed at Koln by friendly fire.  They had managed to cross the Rhine in canoes but, unfortunately, a damaged building collapsed on them about a hundred yards from the bridge.  After a night and a day of heavy fighting, we finally drove across Ramagan bridge one truck at a time.  The Germans had wired it and were trying to blow it up.  You could hardly get over the centre of the bridge due to the damage.  It collapsed into the river eleven days later.  That night we drove towards northern Germany and frequently passed  German soldiers trying to thumb a lift thinking we were a German convoy.    "We went into the Reichoff Hotel and the manager, who was the only person there, served us ice cream.  We then went into the main naval barracks - Hindenburg.  The steward we had serving our meals was the commander of a German U-boat."

"On the way to Hamburg we came across Belsen camp.  The padlock was still on the gate.  Two living skeletons were clinging to the mesh and the only way you could tell you were looking at living souls was when their eyes moved.  The rest were squatting motionless and in the background we could see a pile of skeletons.  The German guards had fled the scene and those near naked people must have known that they would have been next in line for the ovens which were still roaring - grit and splinters shooting up about twenty feet above the chimney.  As it came down, the ashes from  the fires of Belsen went into my eyes.

"On the outskirts of Hamburg we had a few near misses as we were shelled from across the River Elbe.  When we got to the centre of the city it was like a ghost town, not a living soul to be seen.  We went into the Reichoff Hotel and the manager, who was the only person there, served us ice cream.  We then went into the main naval barracks - Hindenburg.  The steward we had serving our meals was the commander of a German U-boat.  He was fairly fortunate because most of the other Germans working for us were in a bad way.  They scoured the bins every day due to hunger.  People were collapsing in the street every day.  There were few shops of any kind open for business in Germany at this time.  One of the German prisoners we were responsible for had lost his family in the bombing of Hamburg.  Twenty five thousand people were killed there in one night.  I asked him about it and he took a small worn photo out of his breast pocket and handed it to me saying, ‘That is all I have left in the world.  I wouldn't swap this photo for the best castle in Germany.’  When I asked him if he hated us, he said if he had he would not have shown me that photo.  He blamed the politicians for what had happened to his country.  He told me that his local Council had a policy before the War by which relations were encouraged to stay in the same block of houses.  Not only did he lose his wife, his eight year old daughter and the five year old son shown in the photo, he had also lost all his cousins, uncles and aunts in the same bombing raid.  So there is more than one side to a story when it comes to War.  He said he couldn't even put flowers on their graves because they were buried somewhere in the rubble which had once been Hamburg.  The city had been taken by the allies five days before Germany signed an unconditional surrender on Luneburg Heath.  I remained in Germany until I was eventually demobbed in 1947.”

 

 
National Service - 1916
Reminiscences of the late Norman Thomson, 9 Habost


"I was called up for National Service in early 1916. I had not served in the Militia before the War. I was barely 18 years of age at the time and I was sent to Davenport Barracks for six weeks of training.

"Immediately after my period of training I was ordered to a ship, which I joined in Queenstown, Ireland. We were on that boat for about two years before it was eventually torpedoed. I don't think we lost anyone of the crew but two or three were certainly wounded. Our commander was Captain Gordon Campbell, who later wrote a book about his experiences during the war, The Mystery V.C. 

"We met our first enemy submarine in July 1916. At the time the German U-boats were wreaking havoc on our Merchant Navy ships. We managed to sink that U-boat and received 'prize-money' for doing so.
 

"Our vessel was an old tramp boat and the cargo we carried was usually coal. In late 1917 we discharged in Bermuda and then sailed to a place called The Three Rivers, in Canada where we loaded up with timber. We were very happy about carrying this type of cargo as it would make the boat virtually unsinkable during the return voyage. 

"Unfortunately, the Germans had other ideas. Another submarine soon encountered us in the Atlantic. We did not try to hide from it. Rather, we were trying to get nearer her so that they would not be able to shell us from afar. Anyway, we were torpedoed for the second time. I cannot remember off hand where. If I had the book I could tell you exactly.

"It was after the sinking of the submarine that Gordon Campbell was made a Captain. At the time he was 31 years old and the youngest captain in the British Navy.  Later, our ship sank another enemy submarine and for that our chief engineer was honoured by being awarded the V.C. His name was Ronald Neil Stewart.

LEFT: Calum Alasdair Chaluim agus Tormod a’ Chàimein (Norman Thomson on right)

 
"We were torpedoed some time later and the vessel was eventually lost - after we had managed to get a tow into Irish waters.  The crew was then transferred on to another ship and for a short while nothing happened. However, we then met another enemy submarine which started to shell us. For four hours we were under fire. Unfortunately, we did not manage to sink that one. There was, however, another occasion on which we did sink a submarine. Our Petty Officer, Peacher, received the VC for that.

"We kept on for a while like that. Our patrol worked around the coast of Ireland and we sometimes came up near the Butt of Lewis. It could be very very windy at times. We were again torpedoed. The ship's crew was awarded the VC for this engagement. The Captain attempted to get VC ribbons for the entire crew but this was refused as it was against Government regulations. So the crew voted that one man should receive the honour. We chose Seaman R.N.R. Williams.

"After this we parted with our Skipper. He was ordered to serve on a cruiser. The rest of the crew were put into barracks in Davenport. Before he left us he took a photo of us all together and that photo appeared in his book.

"Afterwards I went into a gunnery school called 'The Lambs - Defence of Armed Merchant Ships'. A lad from Point [in Lewis] and I were made gunners on one of the armed merchant ships. Our first assignment was transporting coal and supplies to trawlermen working in the Mediterranean.  After we returned we were sent on leave. We were then ordered to serve on a small merchant ship which was patrolling between Rouen and the Tyne.

"I was on that one until November 1918, just a week or two before the Armistice was signed. We were then transferred back to the Devonport Barracks and remained there until we were demobbed."
 

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